我国近代首次中外交换留学生制度的考察——国立清华大学与德国交换留学生制度的缘起、实施经过及成果

The Investigation of the Exchange Students between National Tsinghua University and Germany

1935年，清华大学与德国远东协会共同创立了中德交换留学生的制度。这项制度诞生于我国近代第二次留德高潮期间，是近代我国高等学校与国外大学交换学生的首次尝试。交换制度的诞生是中外文化交流发展到新层面的产物，表现出了中西之间双向交流和双向影响的特征，双方交换生的留学目的和留学经历，在当时的中国和德国也均具有典型意义。本文通过考察此次交换的历史背景、制度模式，以及在人才培养方面的成果，对这一制度的历史意义做了初步的探讨。

In 1935， Tsinghua University and Germany Far- east Association co- created the rules of exchange students between National Tsinghua University and Germany. This exchange is the first try between Chinese universities and foreign universities in the modern times. Exchange rules were the result of the culture exchange between China and foreign countries， indicating Two-way exchanges and influences. The goals and experiences of exchange students has significant meanings in contemporary China and Germany. This article investigates the backgrounds， rules and paradigms， and historical implications of the exchange rules.