美国农村教师短缺困境及其补充策略

Teacher Shortage in Rural America and the Supply Strategies

美国农村学校存在着教师工资偏低、工作条件差、流失率高、培训体系不完善等问题。美国各级政府、相关研究机构和学者对此进行了深入探索和研究，并提出了一系列农村教师补充策略，主要有:通过学校自我提升增强对优秀教师的吸引力;通过学校或所在社区培养自己的教师;依靠特定计划或者项目招聘教师;寻求所在社区、其他地区、大学及州在政策等方面的支持;应用多样化且适当的招聘策略等。这些策略对于我国农村教师补充问题具有一定的启示。

Teachers in American rural school faced numerous problems， such as low wage， poor working conditions， high draining rate， imperfect training system and so on The governments， related research institutions and scholars in America explored these problems and put forward a series of strategies to solve them The strategies included increasing attraction through school self-improvement， training their own teachers by schools or communities， relying on specific programs or projects and seeking policy support at community， collage and state level， applying varied and appropriate recruiting strategies and so on these strategies provided some implications for rural teachers supplement in China