论特纳的产业大学计划及其历史意义

On Turner’s Plan for an Industrial University and Its Historical Significance

特纳是19世纪美国著名的古典学家、植物学家、虔诚的基督徒和社会活动家，他的产业大学计划在其发展过程中其发展分为三个阶段，即产业大学计划的酝酿期、产业大学计划的形成期和产业大学计划的法制化时期。1848年时特纳的产业大学计划还比较温和，而到1850年时，特纳的产业大学计划则就比较激进。特纳的产业大学计划对1862年赠地学院法案具有重要的影响，在美国高等教育发展史上具有重要的历史意义。

Jonathan Baldwin Turner was a famous classicist， botanist， Christian and social campaigner in 19th century. His plan for an Industrial University consisted three stages， namely， the gestation of the plan for an Industrial University， the formation of the plan for an Industrial University， and the legislation of the plan for an Industrial University. In 1848， Turner s plan for an Industrial University was relatively moderate. Since 1850， however， Turner s plan for an Industrial University became relatively radical. Turner’s plan for an Industrial University had significant impact on the Land-Grant College Act of 1862. It has historical significance in higher education in the United States.