高等教育质量评估体系的有效性:中国的问题与对策

The Effectiveness of Quality Assessment System of Higher Education:Problems and Countermeasures in China

高等教育质量评估体系有效性问题实质上是一个政策评估问题。从宏观层面看，高等教育质量评估体系主要指外部质量评估体系，它包括政府评估、质量认证和大学排名等。根据政府介入程度的不同，外部质量保障体系可分为认可型评估和认证型评估。从问责制的视角看，中国实施的第一轮本科教学评估实质上是一种政府对高校的问责制度安排，属于行政问责。第一轮本科教学评估的有效性被认为\＂一般＂，基本上被认可，但改进空间巨大。提高中国高等教育质量评估体系的有效性，必须建立社会问责机制。

The validity of quality assessment system of higher education is essentially a matter of policy evaluation.From the macro level，this system mainly refers to the external quality assessment which includes government evaluation，quality accreditation and university rankings.Depending on the degree of government intervention，external quality assurance system can be divided into recognized assessment and accreditation-based assessment.From the perspective of the accountability，the implementation of China s first round evaluation of undergraduate education system is essentially a government arrangement of accountability system on higher education institutes，which belongs to the administrative accountability.The validity of the first round evaluation of undergraduate education is considered ＂general＂，basically be recognized，but its space for improvement is huge.To improve the validity of the quality evaluation system of higher education in China，a social accountability system must be established.