美国中小学教师培养中的实践及启示

The Practice System of American Teacher-preparation Program ── Taking UNO as an Example

美国中小学教师培养中，几乎所有教育类必修课都有不同的实践要求，在层次上可以分为体验性实践和教学性实践，在方式上包括课外观察、课内指导和独立实践。美国教师培养中的实践体系设计，在课程与实践的结合、实践层次与责任主体区分、实践的方式与频度、高校教师的高强度指导等方面，可以给我们提供有益的启示。

＂The practice system of American teacher-preparation program shows the following characteristics: almost all core educational subjects require practice， which contains experimental practice and instructional practice and takes the way of school-observations， professor-guidance and student-teaching. This system can give us some helpful enlightenments on the combination of subjects and different practice， on the division of practice and responsible persons， on the way and frequencies of practice， and on the qualified guidance of professors.＂